J. Friend, "Do not testify according to the majority", BM 26 (1981), 129-136 (Heb.).

After surveying the gamut of Jewish exegesis of Ex. 23:2, the author suggests that the consonants rb be vocalised rob ("majority") and that the pause be shifted to the next word. The three parallel sections of the verse would then form a progression: "Do not go after the numerous to do evil, do not incline to testify according to the majority, and do not decide according to the numerous.". The warning to preserve justice and truth is thus issued to (potential) wrongdoers, witnesses and judges, in accord with the context of general admonition in which the precept is found. (B.S.J.)